Electoral behavior studies on post-WWII union voters have most often been framed within two contrasting theories. On one hand, many of the empirical works on employee attitudes and voting behavior give support to an organizational segmentation theory. The theory postulates that because union members’ political attitudes are influenced by divergent variables, organized labor’s social heterogeneity has created internal divisions that weakened its ability to forge a distinct union political consensus. In contrast, class-politics theory has contended that unions have strategically mobilized working-class political activity by representing their members’ interests as either consumers or workers (Wolfe 1969, Greenstone 1977; Masters and Delaney 1987; Form 1995).